Table 1 The list of 24 genes consistently expressed differentially between two GEO datasets associated with the PI3K signaling pathways in PTC patients seen in the literature

KIT

4q12

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), melanomas, lung cancer, and other tumor types

[16, 17]

PDGFRA

4q12

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, somatic and familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and a variety of other cancers

[18, 19]

IGF2

11p15.5

One of the cancer-related genes

[20]

GHR

5p13.1-p12

Laron syndrome and growth hormone insensitivity, partial

[21]

BCL2

18q21.33

High grade B cell lymphoma with Myc and/or Bcl2 and/or Bcl6 rearrangement and follicular lymphoma 1

[22]

IRS1

2q36.3

Diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent and rare diabetes mellitus type 2

[23]

LPAR1

9q31.3

Pulmonary fibrosis and spinal stenosis

[24]

FGF7

15q21.2

Mucositis and acanthoma

[25]

PGF

14q24.3

Placental insufficiency and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome

[26]

FGFR2

10q26.13

Lung and breast cancers

[27]

PRKCA

17q24.2

Chordoid glioma and papillary glioneuronal tumors

[28]

LAMA2

6q22.33

Muscular dystrophy, congenital merosin-deficient, 1A and muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 23

[29]

MYC

8q24.21

Burkitt lymphoma and high grade B cell lymphoma with Myc and/or Bcl2 and/or Bcl6 rearrangement

[30]

LAMB3

1q32.2

Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, Herlitz type, and epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, non-Herlitz type

[31]

COMP

19p13.11

Pseudoachondroplasia and epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 1

[32]

SPP1

4q22.1

Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus, and papillary cystadenocarcinoma

[33]

TNC

9q33.1

Deafness, autosomal dominant 56, and autosomal dominant non-syndromic sensorineural deafness type Dfna

[34]

ERBB3

12q13.2

Lethal congenital contracture syndrome 2 and erythroleukemia, familial

[35, 36]

CCND1

11q13.3

Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and myeloma, multiple

[37]

TLR2

4q31.3

Leprosy 3 and colorectal cancer

[38]

CCND2

12p13.32

Megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-polydactyly-hydrocephalus syndrome 3

[39]

LAMC2

1q25.3

Epidermolysis bullosa, junctional, Herlitz type, and epidermolysis bullosa

[40]

CDKN1A

6p21.2

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type I, and tongue cancer

[41]

COL1A1

17q21.33

Caffey disease and osteogenesis imperfecta, type I

[42, 43]