Table 1 Selected VEGF-targeted anti-angiogenics and their therapeutic indications
From: Anti-angiogenesis in cancer therapeutics: the magic bullet
Generic name | Mechanism of action | Indication |
|---|---|---|
Bevacizumab | Humanised VEGF monoclonal antibody | Colorectal cancer (CRC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), metastatic breast cancer, glioblastoma, metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) |
Sorafenib | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)—VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFR, Raf kinase, FGFR, c-fms | mRCC, metastatic hepatocellular cancer (HCC), thyroid cancer |
Sunitinib | As for sorafenib, also Kit, FLT3, CSF-1R, RET | Advanced RCC, HCC, gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST), advanced pancreatic cancer, and neuro-endocrine tumours |
Vandetanib | EGFR, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, RET | Unresectable or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer |
Axitinib | TKI (VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFR, c-Kit) | Advanced RCC, pancreatic cancer |
Pazopanib | TKI (VEGFR1-3, PDGFR, c-Kit, Itk, LcK, c-FMS), ABL-1, | mRCC, advanced soft tissue sarcoma |
Regorafenib | TKI (VEGFR2-3, PDGFRβ, Raf, Ret, c-Kit, Tie2) | Unresectable GIST, mCRC, HCC |
Ramucirumab | Monoclonal antibody that binds extracellular domain of VEGFR2 | Metastatic NSCLC, metastatic gastric and CRC |
Aflibercept | Receptor fusion protein (VEGFA/ VEGFB trap, active against PIGF | CRC, NSCLC, prostate cancer |
Cetuximab | TKI (EGFR) | CRC, head and neck cancer |